Top 6 Civil Rights in California

The civil rights movement was a political movement and campaign from 1954 to 1968 throughout the US to eliminate institutional discrimination, racial segregation, and disenfranchisement across the country. The social movement was mostly a nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience campaign to finally secure new protections under the federal law for the civil rights of all Americans.  

Only estate planning wouldn’t do any good to you if you don’t know your civil rights. They are as follows- 

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2. 1. Disability Rights 

In 2012, the Office of the Attorney General appeared for the California Fair Employment and Housing Commission in City of Merced v. Fair Employment and Housing Commission. After an administrative hearing, the Commission felt that the City of Merced Fire Department unlawfully denied employment as a firefighter to an applicant because of a discerning disability violating the California Fair Employment and Housing Act. The city rebutted that it didn’t entertain the applicant as firefighters had to be 100% fit to discharge all responsibilities without accommodation. The Commission decided that the City's defense lacked merit as the applicant could do the job safely with minor accommodation. Rather, the applicant was a firefighter with another agency for many years before applying with the City. Challenging the Commission's decision in the Superior Court, The City lost there too and filed an appeal. Finally, the City settled the case as the appeal was pending. 

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3. 2. Employment Discrimination 

In an unpublished California Court of Appeal decision issued on January 19, 2012, in Terra Linda Farms, Inc. v. California Fair Employment and Housing Common, the Attorney General, representing the Fair Employment and Housing Commission defended a woman's right to be free from retaliation in the workplace successfully while reporting sexual harassment. They also enforced an employer's obligation to take reasonable steps mandatory to avoid any retaliation from taking place. It was the Commission's administrative decision to find that the employer reacted against two employees who complained of inappropriate conduct involving sexual harassment. Moreover, the Attorney General succeeded in prevailing over the employer's contention that federal law under the National Labor Relations Act barred the women's claims.  

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4. 3. Equal Access to Higher Education 

Fisher v. the University of Texas. 30, 2015. The office of the Attorney General had filed a friend-of-the-court notification in the Supreme Court for the State of California in its newest case to address considering race in the decision-making of university admissions. For the second instance, the Supreme Court was considering this challenge to the admissions method of the University of Texas, which considers race to be one of the various factors. Earlier, in 2013, the Court reversed a decision by the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals favoring the University and sent the case back to the Court of Appeals to be considered under a less deferential application of the strict scrutiny standard of review. Additionally, the brief argues that the compelling state interest in obtaining the educational benefits of diversity justifies considering race as well to ensure that the students of color in an institution’s admission represent a wide range of backgrounds and experiences. On June 23, 2016, the U.S. Supreme Court, in a 4-3 decision, confirmed that the admissions procedure at the University of Texas was legal under the Equal Protection Clause. 

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5. 4. Hate Crimes 

The Attorney General maintains a file saved as Rapid Response Protocol to facilitate identification, investigation, arrest, prosecution, and conviction of those committing hate crimes. The protocol mandates an immediate deployment of California Department of Justice resources if a hate crime takes place involving death, serious injury, or significant property damage. Department resources must be available to help local and federal law enforcement agencies. They include intelligence specialists, forensic services, criminal and civil rights attorneys, profilers, and support for victims of hate crimes. 

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6. 5. Office of Immigrant Assistance and Immigrant Rights  

The Office of the Attorney General's Office will protect immigrant communities, public safety, and the fundamental rights of all Californians through the tough enforcement of civil rights laws and consumer protections and by ensuring trust and cooperation between immigrants and law enforcement. 

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7. 6. Housing Discrimination 

Under the federal Fair Housing Act (FHA), it is illegal to refuse to sell or rent housing due to the race, religion, sex, familial status, or national origin of an individual. In 2014, the California Attorney General representing the State of California, joined 14 other states, in a friend-of-the-court brief submitted to the United States Supreme Court in Texas Dept. of Housing and Community Affairs v. Inclusive Communities Project, Inc. (2015) 576 U.S., supporting the right of housing discrimination victims to bring contrasting impact claims if a practice has a disproportionately adverse effect on a protected class of persons. According to the brief, dissimilar impact claims serve a crucial role to combat more hidden forms of intentional discrimination. Agreeing, the Supreme Court decided that housing discrimination victims are entitled to bring disparate impact claims under the FHA where policies or practices have a disproportionately adverse effect on protected classes. They need not establish the property owner's or manager's intent to be biased. 

Inference 

If you speak with the best lawyer in California, then he or she will let you know more about your civil rights.